Hydraulic system-jiangsu Yicheng fluid Equipment co.,ltd
Luna
2021-09-27 16:17:49
A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts: power element, actuator, control element, auxiliary element (accessory) and hydraulic oil.
1. Power element
The function of power element is to convert the mechanical energy of prime mover into liquid pressure energy. It refers to the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides power to the whole hydraulic system. The structural forms of hydraulic pump generally include gear pump, vane pump, plunger pump and screw pump.
2. Actuator
The function of actuator (such as hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor) is to convert the pressure energy of liquid into mechanical energy and drive the load to make linear reciprocating motion or rotary motion.
3. Control element
Control elements (i.e. various hydraulic valves) control and regulate the pressure, flow and direction of liquid in the hydraulic system. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valve, flow control valve and direction control valve. Pressure control valve includes overflow valve (safety valve), pressure reducing valve, sequence valve, pressure relay, etc.
Flow control valve includes throttle valve, regulating valve, shunt and collecting valve, etc; Directional control valve includes check valve, hydraulic control check valve, shuttle valve, directional valve, etc. According to different control modes, hydraulic valves can be divided into on-off control valve, fixed value control valve and proportional control valve.
4. Auxiliary components
Auxiliary components include oil tank, oil filter, cooler, heater, accumulator, oil pipe and pipe joint, sealing ring, quick change joint, high-pressure ball valve, rubber hose assembly, pressure measuring joint, pressure gauge, oil level gauge, oil thermometer, etc.
5. Hydraulic oil
Hydraulic oil is the working medium of transmitting energy in hydraulic system. There are various kinds of mineral oil, emulsion and synthetic hydraulic
In the hydraulic system, each pressed element has a relatively moving surface, such as the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder and the outer surface of the piston. Because of the relative movement, there is a certain gap between them. If one side of the gap is high-pressure oil and the other side is low-pressure oil, the high-pressure oil will flow to the low-pressure area through the gap, resulting in leakage.
At the same time, due to the imperfect sealing of hydraulic components, some oil will leak to the outside. The actual flow caused by this leakage is reduced, which is what we call flow loss.
The flow loss affects the movement speed, and the leakage is difficult to absolutely avoid, so the rated flow of the pump in the hydraulic system is slightly greater than the maximum flow required for the system to work. It can also be estimated by multiplying the maximum flow required for system operation by a coefficient of 1.1 ~ 1.3.
1. Power element
The function of power element is to convert the mechanical energy of prime mover into liquid pressure energy. It refers to the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides power to the whole hydraulic system. The structural forms of hydraulic pump generally include gear pump, vane pump, plunger pump and screw pump.
2. Actuator
The function of actuator (such as hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor) is to convert the pressure energy of liquid into mechanical energy and drive the load to make linear reciprocating motion or rotary motion.
3. Control element
Control elements (i.e. various hydraulic valves) control and regulate the pressure, flow and direction of liquid in the hydraulic system. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valve, flow control valve and direction control valve. Pressure control valve includes overflow valve (safety valve), pressure reducing valve, sequence valve, pressure relay, etc.
Flow control valve includes throttle valve, regulating valve, shunt and collecting valve, etc; Directional control valve includes check valve, hydraulic control check valve, shuttle valve, directional valve, etc. According to different control modes, hydraulic valves can be divided into on-off control valve, fixed value control valve and proportional control valve.
4. Auxiliary components
Auxiliary components include oil tank, oil filter, cooler, heater, accumulator, oil pipe and pipe joint, sealing ring, quick change joint, high-pressure ball valve, rubber hose assembly, pressure measuring joint, pressure gauge, oil level gauge, oil thermometer, etc.
5. Hydraulic oil
Hydraulic oil is the working medium of transmitting energy in hydraulic system. There are various kinds of mineral oil, emulsion and synthetic hydraulic
In the hydraulic system, each pressed element has a relatively moving surface, such as the inner surface of the hydraulic cylinder and the outer surface of the piston. Because of the relative movement, there is a certain gap between them. If one side of the gap is high-pressure oil and the other side is low-pressure oil, the high-pressure oil will flow to the low-pressure area through the gap, resulting in leakage.
At the same time, due to the imperfect sealing of hydraulic components, some oil will leak to the outside. The actual flow caused by this leakage is reduced, which is what we call flow loss.
The flow loss affects the movement speed, and the leakage is difficult to absolutely avoid, so the rated flow of the pump in the hydraulic system is slightly greater than the maximum flow required for the system to work. It can also be estimated by multiplying the maximum flow required for system operation by a coefficient of 1.1 ~ 1.3.